Alectryon excelsus, commonly known as Titoki, is a native tree species found in New Zealand. 
 
Description:
 
Size: Titoki is a medium-sized tree that can reach heights of 10 metres. It has a rounded crown and a generally upright growth habit.
Leaves: The leaves of Alectryon excelsus are dark green, glossy, and composed of numerous leaflets. Each leaflet is elongated and serrated along the edges. The foliage is evergreen, providing year-round visual interest.
Flowers: Titoki produces small, greenish-white flowers that are clustered in dense, upright panicles. The flowers are usually inconspicuous and not highly ornamental.
Fruit: After flowering, the tree produces small, spherical fruit that turn from green to red or dark purple when ripe. The fruit is relatively small and contains a single seed. The fruit is attractive to birds, which help disperse the seeds.
 
Growing Conditions:
 
Climate: Alectryon excelsus is well-suited to temperate climates, particularly in coastal areas of New Zealand. It can tolerate mild frosts and is relatively hardy.
Sunlight: Titoki thrives in full sun to partial shade. It can tolerate some shade but generally prefers a bright location for optimal growth.
Soil: The tree prefers well-draining soils that are fertile and rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils.
Watering: Titoki has moderate water needs and benefits from regular watering, particularly during dry periods. However, it can withstand short periods of drought once established.
Maintenance: This tree is generally low-maintenance. Pruning can be done to maintain its shape or remove any dead or crossing branches. Pruning is typically done in late winter or early spring.
 
Uses in Landscaping:
 
Feature Tree: Alectryon excelsus makes a striking feature tree due to its unique foliage and attractive red fruits. It’s well-suited for planting as a focal point in gardens, parks, and larger landscapes.
Shade Tree: With its broad canopy and dense foliage, Titoki provides excellent shade, making it suitable for creating cool, shaded areas in gardens and public spaces.
Street and Urban Plantings: This tree is often used in urban landscapes and along streets due to its resilience and ability to handle city conditions. It adds beauty and greenery to urban environments.
Coastal Gardens: It is adaptable to coastal conditions and can tolerate salt spray, making it a good choice for coastal gardens and landscaping in seaside areas.
Wildlife Gardens: The red fruits of Alectryon excelsus attract native birds, such as kererū (wood pigeon) and tūī, providing valuable food sources and habitat in wildlife gardens.
Restoration Projects: Useful in ecological restoration projects due to its role in supporting local wildlife and its ability to thrive in various soil types. It can help in reestablishing native flora in degraded areas.
Cultural and Historical Significance: In Maori culture, Alectryon excelsus is valued for its historical and traditional uses. Incorporating it into gardens can add cultural and historical depth to the landscape.